Abbreviations AKT: Protein kinase B AMH: Anti-Mllerian hormone AMPK/mTOR: AMP-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin ARE: Antioxidant response element AS-IV: Astragaloside IV ATP: Adenosine triphosphate BP: Biological process CC: Cellular component CCK8: Cell Counting Kit-8 C646: EP300 histone acetyltransferase inhibitor C646 CPT1A: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A CTSB: Cathepsin B DEGs: Differentially expressed genes ECM: Extracellular matrix ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay E2 (estradiol): Estradiol EP300: E1A binding protein p300 FSH: Follicle-stimulating hormone GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1 GO: Gene Ontology GPx: Glutathione peroxidase H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin HMOX1: Heme oxygenase 1 IL-1: Interleukin-1 beta IL-6: Interleukin-6 IR: Insulin resistance KEAP1: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KGN: Human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell line LH: Luteinizing hormone MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase ML385: Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 MMP9: Matrix metallopeptidase 9 MF: Molecular function NFE2L2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2related factor 2 NLRP3: NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 NRF1: Nuclear respiratory factor 1 PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase PPAR signaling pathway: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling pathway P450: Cytochrome P450 PTGS2: Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2) PPI: Proteinprotein interaction PYGL: Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form qPCR: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction RCTs: Randomized controlled trials RelA/p65: NF-B subunit RelA/p65 SOD1: Superoxide dismutase 1 TIMP1: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 TLR4/MyD88/NF-B: Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor kappa B TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor alpha TFAM: Mitochondrial transcription factor A T (testosterone): Testosterone VEGFA: Vascular endothelial growth factor A WGCNA: Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis References Abuelezz NZ, Shabana ME, Abdel-Mageed HM et al (2020) Nanocurcumin alleviates insulin resistance and pancreatic deficits in polycystic ovary syndrome rats: insights on PI3K/AkT/mTOR and TNF- modulations
Some of the other protocols may be too aggressive for you
It is not clear whether the observed content is due to import from the medium or synthesis per se is carried out by the strains
Most protocols at The Good Life IV use either subcutaneous injection or topical application depending on the goal
In a 2001 study published in Endocrinology , Heffernan and colleagues reported that chronic AOD-9604 administration reduced body weight gain, decreased adipose tissue mass, and increased fat oxidation in obese mice without altering IGF-1 levels or glucose metabolism effects that were abolished in beta3 adrenergic receptor (3-AR) knockout mice, implicating 3-AR signaling as the mechanism of action [1]
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibits abdominal fat accumulation by promoting adipocyte apoptosis through PPAR-LC3-BNIP3 pathway-mediated mitophagy
