Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for the assistance of staff from the Experimental Animal Center and Analysis & Testing Center of Nanjing Medical University, Anhui Medical University, and Chungbuk National University
Managing stress through evidence-based approaches (regular exercise, meditation, social connection, time in nature) reduces the baseline inflammatory burden that peptide protocols must overcome
Vitamin B-12, also known as cobalamin, is an essential nutrient that plays a key role in: Energy production Red blood cell formation Nervous system health DNA synthesis While B-12 is found naturally in foods like meat, eggs, and dairy, not everyone absorbs it efficiently especially those with certain medical conditions, digestive issues, or restricted diets
FMT is also being explored: an open-label trial of FMT in MS demonstrated safety and hinted at some improvements in gut microbiome diversity and fatigue scores, and a placebo-controlled Phase I FMT trial in progressive MS is currently underway to assess impacts on MRI lesions and clinical outcomes [203, 204]
10.1128/JB.01553-08 Lee KB, Kim HJ, Rho BS, Kang SK, Choi YJ: Effect of glutathione on growth of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri
The KLOW stack already contains it, and its anti-inflammatory properties may buffer the local reaction from copper ions
