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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist as a novel treatment for interstitial cystitis: a rat model

doi: 10.1177/0963689718780930

It is likely that oxidative stress (OS) plays a role in the development and course of T2D

hospitalization required Maintenance of Remission: Immunomodulators (azathioprine, 6-MP, methotrexate) for steroid-dependent or frequently-relapsing disease Biologic monotherapy or combination therapy (biologic + immunomodulator) for moderate-to-severe disease Step-up or top-down approach based on disease severity, patient risk factors, and prior therapy Biologic Therapy Targets: TNF-: Infliximab (IV), adalimumab (SC), certolizumab pegol (SC) IL-12/23: Ustekinumab (IV induction, SC maintenance) Integrin: Vedolizumab (IV) IL-23: Risankizumab (IV induction, SC maintenance) JAK inhibition: Upadacitinib (oral) Surgical Management Surgery is indicated in approximately 7080% of patients with Crohns disease over their lifetime, per StatPearls

Deng, Z., Wei, J., Liao, L., Huang, H

Pull out the needle and push the plunger slightly to get rid of air bubbles