We used a within-subject approach to examine the effects of filter condition, our primary manipulation of interest, with a smaller sample size and control for confounding factors, and a between-subject approach to examine pack color effects to further preserve our filter condition manipulation, as participants may be less likely to suspect the cigarette differences if provided in consistent packages
and the use of additives that decrease environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) odor, visibility, and irritation without equivalent efforts to decrease the harmful effects of ETS.18 , 21 , 22 These tobacco industry practices, motivated by awareness of public concern regarding ETS, may have led to nonsmokers as well as smokers being unaware or less aware of the presence of hazardous substances associated with ETS.23 27 In this study, we examined the tobacco industrys use of additives that inhibit nicotine metabolism and increase the addictive potential of cigarettes, with a particular focus on the neurological techniques used by Philip Morris to assess the effects of additives on smokers central nervous system functioning
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The size of the cigarette can influence the smoking experience
